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Look at the picture: the menu placed on the table a moment ago is still there. The focus is on the state that remains after the action.

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Lesson notes · Beginner 3

〜てあります~te arimasu

has been prepared

Use 「〜てあります」 for a present state that remains after someone intentionally did something, often as preparation.

How it works

  1. Look at the picture: the menu placed on the table a moment ago is still there. The focus is on the state that remains after the action.

    Look at the picture: the menu placed on the table a moment ago is still there. The focus is on the state that remains after the action.

  2. Someone put the menu there intentionally, usually for a purpose. Here, it was placed to prepare for the guests’ meal.

    Someone put the menu there intentionally, usually for a purpose. Here, it was placed to prepare for the guests’ meal.

  3. With 「置いてあります」, the focus is on the object’s current state. You do not need to say who put it there.

    With 「置いてあります」, the focus is on the object’s current state. You do not need to say who put it there.

  4. Add 「あります」 to the て-form of a transitive verb. 「置きます」 becomes 「置いてあります」.

    Add 「あります」 to the て-form of a transitive verb. 「置きます」 becomes 「置いてあります」.

  5. When describing the state that remains, the object is usually marked with 「が」, as in 「メニューが」.

    When describing the state that remains, the object is usually marked with 「が」, as in 「メニューが」.

When emphasizing that something is ready for later, the object can also be marked with 「を」. You do not always need to change it to 「が」.

When emphasizing that something is ready for later, the object can also be marked with 「を」. You do not always need to change it to 「が」.

  • Use 「に」 to show where the object has been placed. 「テーブルに」 means it has been placed on the table.

    Use 「に」 to show where the object has been placed. 「テーブルに」 means it has been placed on the table.

  • 「あります」 simply says the object is there. 「置いてあります」 also tells us that someone placed it there.

    「あります」 simply says the object is there. 「置いてあります」 also tells us that someone placed it there.

  • If a guest is looking for cutlery, you can say 「ナイフやフォークが置いてあります」 to tell them the knives and forks are already laid out.

    If a guest is looking for cutlery, you can say 「ナイフやフォークが置いてあります」 to tell them the knives and forks are already laid out.

    • Example sentences

    • メニューめにゅーmenyuuがgaテーブルてーぶるteeburuにni置いおいoiてteあります。ありますarimasu

      The menu is placed on the table.

    • あそこasokoにniナイフないふnaifuやyaフォークふぉーくfookuがga置いおいoiてteあります。ありますarimasu

      Knives and forks are placed over there.

    In a conversation

    • A
      ナイフないふはわありますか。か

      A: Is there a knife?

    • B
      あそこにナイフないふやフォークふぉーくが置いおいてありますよ。よ

      B: Knives and forks are placed over there.

    • A
      ありがとうございます。ございます

      A: Thank you.

    Check yourself

    1. Level 1 · Recognise

      Which sentence is correct?

    2. Level 1 · Recognise

      Listen and choose the meaning

    3. Level 2 · Build

      Put the words in order

      The menu is placed on the table.

    4. Level 3 · Use

      What goes in the blank?

      はい、きれいに 。

      Yes, it has been washed clean.

    More grammar in this theme

    • 〜そうですlooks / seems
    • 〜てみますtry doing
    • 〜てもらえませんかcould you do for me?
    • 〜やすい・〜にくいeasy / hard to do
    • 〜すぎますtoo much / too ~
    • 〜てありますhas been prepared
    • 〜と読みます・〜と書いてありますis read as / says
    • 〜はどういう意味ですかwhat does ~ mean?
    • 〜にしますI’ll choose / have ~
    Previous〜すぎますNext〜と読みます・〜と書いてあります

    Keep practising

    Test your Japanese vocabulary12 adaptive questions, freeCheck your pronunciationRead aloud and get a scorePractise verb forms10-question conjugation quizSee the whole courseGrammar, vocabulary and quizzes by theme
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